What does a pastoral search committee do?

from the old testament

• While the Old Testament does not specifically mention “pastoral search committees,” it provides principles and examples that help guide the process of selecting leaders for God’s people. When Moses’ father-in-law advised Moses about choosing men to help him settle disputes among the people, the first specific criterion mentioned is “men who fear God” (Exodus 18:21).
• God often used groups of leaders or advisors to make decisions. Proverbs 11:14 says, “Where there is no guidance, a people falls, but in an abundance of counselors there is safety.” This principle supports the idea of a committee working together to evaluate and discern candidates for the pastorate.
• David was chosen as king because of his heart for God (1 Samuel 16:7), and elders or judges were expected to lead righteously (Exodus 18:21). A search committee must assess a pastor’s spiritual maturity, character, and ability to shepherd the flock.
• Sometimes leaders were affirmed by the people or by prophetic insight, as when Samuel anointed Saul and, later, David (1 Samuel 10:1; 16:12–13). God selected the king, but God used Samuel to affirm him.

from the new testament

• While the Bible doesn't give specific guidelines on the hiring or selection process of a new pastor, it does provide some passages that specify the standards that a church leader, such as a pastor, should live by (1 Timothy 3:1–7; Titus 1:6–9). A pastoral search committee should measure a candidate’s qualifications in light of those standards.
• In the book of Acts, about 120 people were involved in the process of selecting a disciple to replace Judas Iscariot (Acts 1:12–26). After collaborating, they selected two possible candidates whom they brought before the Lord in prayer to see whom He would lead them to ultimately choose.

implications for today

A pastoral search committee is generally composed of elders or leaders within the church meeting to discuss, screen, and ultimately select candidates for an open pastor position. The committee's general responsibilities include contacting potential candidates, conducting interviews, and narrowing down the candidate options to recommend to the church who to hire as pastor. The pastoral search committee is usually used in churches that have an elder-rule or congregational-rule type of governmental structure.

Members of the pastoral search committee should be faithful members of the church who are mature believers themselves, able to make wise decisions through prayer and Scripture. Proverbs 11:14 states, "Where there is no guidance, a people falls, but in an abundance of counselors there is safety." The variety of individual perspectives, insights, skills, and experiences, when given equal weight, help the committee to be a stronger body.

Overall, pastoral search committees should look for qualities and qualifications in a pastor that reflect biblical standards of leadership, character, and spiritual maturity. Key attributes include a shepherd’s heart, a deep love for God and His Word, integrity, humility, and a lifestyle that models Christlikeness to the congregation, and the ability to teach and preach faithfully (1 Timothy 3:1–7; Titus 1:5–9). The committee should also consider the pastor’s vision, pastoral gifting, and compatibility with the church’s mission and culture, ensuring that the candidate can lead, equip, and care for the flock effectively. A pastoral search committee should use God's standards for filling the position, not the world’s.