How can I know if my anger is righteous indignation?

from the old testament

• God’s anger is always righteous because it flows from His holiness and justice. For example, His wrath was aroused when Israel worshiped the golden calf (Exodus 32:7-10) because their idolatry violated the covenant and dishonored His name. Moses shared this anger, breaking the tablets of the law to show the seriousness of their sin (Exodus 32:19). His response was righteous indignation because it wasn’t from personal offense but about God’s holiness being disregarded.
• Nehemiah also displayed righteous indignation when he saw wealthy Israelites exploiting their poor brothers through interest and debt slavery (Nehemiah 5:6-13). His anger led to direct action that corrected the injustice, restored what was taken, and honored God’s law.
• As yet another example of righteous anger, Amos condemned those who trampled the poor and corrupted justice (Amos 5:11-14). He then added, “Hate evil, and love good, and establish justice in the gate; it may be that the LORD, the God of hosts, will be gracious to the remnant of Joseph” (Amos 5:15a). This is what righteous anger looks like: a hatred of evil that reflects God’s own hatred of evil.

from the new testament

• Jesus provides the clearest example of righteous indignation in the New Testament when he drove out the moneychangers with “a whip of cords” because they were making God’s temple “a house of trade” (John 2:13-17). He was not out of control nor seeking personal revenge; His goal was to defend God’s honor.
• Jesus also expressed anger at the Pharisees’ hard hearts when they opposed healing on the Sabbath (Mark 3:1-5). Scripture says, “And he looked around at them with anger, grieved at their hardness of heart” (Mark 3:5a). His indignation was against their lack of compassion and distortion of God’s law. Interestingly, “grieved” means that he had sorrow for them, showing that righteous anger can coexist with sorrow.
• Paul instructed believers to “be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, and give no opportunity to the devil” (Ephesians 4:26-27). Anger for the wrong reasons can give the Devil a foothold to entice us to sin.
• A few verses later, Paul also said, “Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice” (Ephesians 4:31). Any anger that produces sin, such as bitterness or malice, is unrighteous.
• James noted that “the anger of man does not produce the righteousness of God” (James 1:20). In general, humankind’s anger is so tainted with sin that it generally leads to us becoming more sinful rather than making us more righteous.

implications for today

If you want to know whether your anger is righteous indignation, start by examining the cause. Is it sparked by God’s standards being violated or by personal offence? The difference is critical, because righteous anger is focused on defending God’s honor and opposing sin, not on protecting your ego.

Next, look at your response. Is it aimed at restoring what is right and helping others turn from sin, or is it about punishing them and holding on to resentment? Righteous indignation acts with self-control, leaves room for God’s wrath and perfect justice (Romans 12:19), and is willing to forgive. It grieves over sin while desiring God’s glory and the good of others.

Finally, be willing to let your anger go. Even righteous anger can become sinful if it turns into bitterness or is nursed over time. Keep your anger under the Spirit’s control by staying in prayer, remembering God’s mercy toward you, and acting in ways that reflect His truth and grace. In this way, your anger will be a tool for righteousness rather than a foothold for sin.