Do humans become angels after death?

TL;DR:

The belief that humans become angels when they die does not come from Scripture, but rather, from popular culture, misinterpretations, or non-Christian traditions. No, humans do not become angels after death.

what does the bible say?

No, humans do not become angels after death. The Bible teaches that humans and angels are distinct creations with different roles and natures. After death, humans experience a separation of body and soul, with the soul going to be with Jesus or to a place of torment, based on whether or not that person trusted in Jesus’s death and resurrection for the forgiveness of sins. In the end times, believers will receive glorified bodies and live in paradise, while unbelievers will face judgment, but humans never transform into angels.

from the old testament

Humans are physical beings with a spiritual soul, made in the image of God (Genesis 1:26).
Angels are spiritual beings who can take on a physical body (Genesis 6) and often appear human (Daniel 8:15), although not always (Ezekiel 1:5–11). Humans and angels are not the same, though they are both created beings.

from the new testament

Angels are spiritual beings (Hebrews 1:14) who can only become physical if God ordains that their work requires it. Angels are similar to humans in some ways. They were created by God (Colossians 1:15–17). They have intelligence (2 Corinthians 11:3), emotion (Revelation 12:17), and will (Jude 1:6). They are meant to praise God (Luke 2:13), serve God (Revelation 22:9), and work for His kingdom (Acts 8:26). Angels also know the Scriptures (James 2:19; Revelation 12:12).
However, humans are different from angels. They are born with a physical body. They have souls/spirits, but they are physical beings. Humans are also born with a sin nature and sin throughout their lives (Isaiah 53:6; Romans 7:14). Because of this, God arranged a plan of redemption that angels can't even understand (1 Peter 1:12).
Although the Bible doesn't specifically state this, it appears that the angels were given one chance to sin. Those who rebelled against God before the creation of the world received the consequence of being eternally separated from God (Matthew 25:45–46).

implications for today

At no point does the Bible indicate that humans become angels after death. At death, the body and soul of a human are separated. The soul of the believer goes to be with Jesus (2 Corinthians 5:6–8), and the soul of the unbeliever goes to a place of torment (Luke 16:22–23). At the end times, believers (1 Thessalonians 4:13–17) will receive new, glorified bodies and spend eternity in paradise (Revelation 21:1). Unbelievers (Revelation 20:11–15) will be judged and cast into the lake of fire. No work as an angel is mentioned. God created humans and angels to glorify Him but in different ways. Occasionally, our paths cross as we work together for the kingdom of God. In heaven, we will glorify God with the angels, but we will never become them.

understand

Humans and angels are distinct creations with different roles; the Bible does not support humans becoming angels after death.
Upon death, human souls go to be with Jesus or to a place of torment, not to become angels.
Believers receive glorified bodies and live in paradise, while unbelievers face judgment; humans do not transform into angels.

reflect

How does understanding the distinction between humans and angels affect your view of the afterlife and the roles that each play in God's plan?
What comfort or challenge do you find in the biblical teaching that humans do not become angels after death?
How does knowing that believers will receive glorified bodies, rather than becoming angels, influence your perspective on the nature of eternal life?

engage

What are some common misconceptions about humans becoming angels, and how can we address these misconceptions using biblical thinking?
How does the belief in distinct roles for humans and angels impact our understanding of how we should live our lives and fulfill our spiritual purpose?
How can we support and encourage each other in letting God’s Word shape our thinking about the afterlife and the roles of humans and angels?