What does it mean that Jesus died for our sins?

from the old testament

• The Old Testament helps explain Jesus’ death for our sins by pointing to the need for atonement and God’s provision for forgiveness through sacrifice. Animals were offered to atone for sins (Leviticus 4:20, 27-31). These sacrifices symbolized the seriousness of sin and the need for life to be given in its place.
• But those animal sacrifices were just shadows of Jesus’ sacrifice, which the prophecy in Isaiah 53 describes.
• Old Testament prophets spoke of a suffering servant who would bear the sins of many, indicating that God’s plan for redemption would come through one who dies in our place (Isaiah 53:5-12, Psalm 22).

from the new testament

• When we say "Jesus died for our sins," we are saying that He died because of our sins. Sin leads to death (Romans 6:23). We were sinners consigned to death, and we had no way to stop sinning.
• Jesus came into our world and lived a perfect life, so death had no hold on Him. Yet, in His grace, Jesus chose to die on our behalf. He took our punishment for us. As He died "for our sins," as our substitute, He prayed that we would be forgiven. His resurrection proved the sufficiency of His sacrifice, that He is who He claimed (fully God and fully human, and our only Savior), and that He has conquered sin and death. Since Jesus has paid the penalty, God will forgive all who put their trust in Jesus(2 Corinthians 5:17-21; Ephesians 2:1-10).
• Jesus' death and resurrection means that those who have put their faith in Him have access to God. In John 14:6, Jesus says, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me." Sin had separated us from God, but, at the moment of Christ's death, the veil in the temple, separating the priests from the presence of God, was ripped in two (Mark 15:38).
• Jesus' death and resurrection means that the sacrifices of the Old Testament Law are no longer needed. Those sacrifices were only temporary. Jesus’ sacrifice provided a perfect, one-time atonement from sin (Hebrews 10:10).
• Christ's death and resurrection means that we are guaranteed forgiveness of sin when we accept Jesus as Lord. Galatians 3:22 says, "the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe." Jesus purchased our salvation on the cross by becoming sin for us (2 Corinthians 5:21). That is, He became the guilty one on our behalf.
• Salvation is by God's grace through faith (Ephesians 2:8-9) made possible through the cross of Christ: "Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, so that He might bring us to God" (1 Peter 3:18 NASB).

implications for today

Jesus dying for our sins shows His incredible love for us. It demonstrates that God values His relationship with humanity so deeply that He was willing to take on the punishment for our wrongdoing Himself. This love is not distant or abstract—it is personal, intentional, and sacrificial. Reflecting on this can transform how we view God, inspiring gratitude, awe, and a desire to respond to His love by living in a way that honors Him.

Jesus dying for our sins also shows that we can be forgiven and not held responsible for the eternal weight of our sins. No matter the mistakes we have made or the burdens we carry, His sacrifice opens the way for reconciliation with God. All who trust in Christ’s death and resurrection find forgiveness and restored relationship with God. Instead of facing separation from God because of our sin, we are granted the gift of eternal life through faith in Him. This assurance gives us peace in the present and hope for the future, allowing us to live confidently and boldly as His children. It also encourages us to share this message of hope and grace with others, pointing them to the forgiveness and freedom found in Christ.