How was Jesus' sacrifice better than the Levitical sacrifices?

from the old testament

• The Levite priests in the Old Testament were commanded by the Mosaic Law to offer sacrifices as a temporary means to atone for the people's sins (Leviticus 4:20, 27; Numbers 28:3–8).
• The Levitical sacrifices symbolized repentance and obedience but did not permanently remove sin or cleanse the conscience (Hebrews 10:1–4). The repeated nature of the sacrifices demonstrated their insufficiency to bring complete forgiveness, highlighting humanity’s need for a perfect Savior (see Hebrews 10:11–14).
• Instead, the Levitical sacrifices showed obedience, recognition of sin, and the need for atonement and pointed forward to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who alone could fully atone for sin by offering Himself once for all (see Hebrews 9:12; 10:10).

from the new testament

• The book of Hebrews describes how the new covenant in Christ is better than the old covenant of the Mosaic law. Jesus' sacrifice was better because He was made High Priest in an oath, "The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, 'You are a priest forever'" (Hebrews 7:21), whereas the Levites were priests because of their lineage (Hebrews 7:11–22).
• Jesus' sacrifice was better because He lives forever, allowing Him to continually make intercession for His people, but the Levitical priests' ministry ended when they died and had to be replaced (Hebrews 7:23–25).
• Jesus' sacrifice was better because He was sinless and did not have to atone for His own sins, unlike the Levitical priests, who first had to offer sacrifices for their own sins (Hebrews 7:26–27).
• Jesus' sacrifice was better because He is currently seated at the right hand of God, a minister in the holy places set up by God and not by man, whereas the Levites served on earth, "a copy and shadow of the heavenly things" (Hebrews 8:1–5).
• Jesus' sacrifice was better because it operates under the new covenant which was "enacted on better promises," but the Levites worked under the old covenant, which they and the rest of the Israelites did not follow faithfully (Hebrews 8:6–13).
• Jesus' sacrifice was better because He entered the holy places in heaven once for all, but the Levitical priests were only allowed to enter the earthly holy place once a year (Hebrews 9:11–24).
• Jesus' sacrifice was better because He only had to die once, but the Levitical priests had to continually make sacrifices (Hebrews 9:25—10:4).
• Jesus is able to save to the uttermost, but the Levitical sacrifices only temporarily covered sins (Hebrews 7:25).
• Unlike the Levitical priests, Jesus merited the right to be our High Priest (Hebrews 7:26, 28).
• Jesus was infinitely the greater sacrifice than any of the animals sacrificed under Levitical law. Jesus was able to fulfill the law and allow us access to God (Hebrews 4:14–16; 10:19–25). Jesus is fully human and fully God. He was not stained by sin and He is eternally serving as our High Priest. Jesus' sacrifice was able to fulfill the requirements of the Old Testament Law once and for all: "But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God, waiting from that time until his enemies should be made a footstool for his feet. For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified" (Hebrews 10:12–14).

implications for today

Jesus’ sacrifice changes how we live because it frees us from trying to earn forgiveness through repeated efforts or rituals. Knowing that His once-for-all perfect sacrifice fully cleanses us invites us to approach God with confidence and gratitude. It calls us to rest in His grace rather than in our own works. This truth challenges us to deepen our trust in Jesus and to live in the freedom of His forgiveness. It calls us to recognize sin for what it is and to express with gratitude the mercy and grace God provided for us through Jesus. It also calls us to reflect His love by extending grace to others. Instead of relying on imperfect, temporary solutions, we can hold fast to the eternal hope and salvation Jesus secured. Jesus’ sacrifice calls us to worship wholeheartedly and to live with the assurance that we are truly forgiven and made new.