Does the Bible say anything about sarcasm or satire?

from the old testament

• Satire is used to admonish idol-makers in Isaiah 40:19–20, to taunt Egypt in Jeremiah 46:11 (this is God speaking!), and Elijah's jabs at the Baal prophets in 1 Kings 18:27.

from the new testament

• Jesus uses some harsh language to warn us all about how we use our language: "But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, 'You fool!' will be liable to the hell of fire" (Matthew 5:22).
• Jesus tells us that our words are important and that we will be accountable for every word we utter: "For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks. The good person out of his good treasure brings forth good, and the evil person out of his evil treasure brings forth evil. I tell you, on the day of judgment people will give account for every careless word they speak, for by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned" (Matthew 12:34–37).
• God uses irony and satire in His Word. Jesus used satire in Matthew 7:5, in the form of hyperbole: "You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother's eye."
• Paul also used irony, possibly to the point of mocking, in 1 Corinthians 4:8–10 when he compares the God-honoring lives of the apostles with the self-focused lives of some in the church at Corinth. However, very quickly Paul writes that his purpose in writing in such a way is to "admonish you as my beloved children," not "to make you ashamed" (1 Corinthians 4:14). Paul leverages the language to drive home a point. His intention is loving, which he makes clear.
• We are instructed to have "no filthiness nor foolish talk nor crude joking" (Ephesians 5:4) and to speak the truth in love (Ephesians 4:15).
• Ephesians 4:29 is a good gauge for whether our use of irony and satire is appropriate: "Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good for building up, as fits the occasion, that it may give grace to those who hear."

implications for today

Our words carry significant weight and impact, as we will ultimately be accountable for what we say. The Bible teaches us to use language that builds others up, aligning with Ephesians 4:29, which encourages speech that imparts grace and fosters encouragement. While satire and irony can serve as powerful tools to illuminate truths and challenge wrong beliefs or thinking, the intent behind our words must remain rooted in love and edification. Sarcasm is often hurtful and disparaging and should have no place in our interactions as Christians if it tears others down; instead, we should seek to communicate truth in a way that reveals God's love and helps others see themselves and Him more clearly. In our daily conversations, we can strive to ensure our expressions, whether humorous or serious, reflect a heart that desires to uplift and guide others toward a deeper understanding of truth.