What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?

WHAT DOES THE BIBLE SAY?

From a biblical perspective, microevolution is consistent with the account of creation in Genesis 1, where God commands animals to multiply according to their kinds. Microevolution refers to the observable changes within a species, such as genetic variation and adaptation, and does not require the creation of new genetic material (Genesis 1:24–25). However, macroevolution, which suggests that one species can evolve into another over millions of years, contradicts the biblical teaching of God creating distinct kinds of living creatures. The Bible emphasizes that creation was complete and intentional, with each species made according to its kind (Genesis 1:21).

FROM THE OLD TESTAMENT

• Genesis 1:24–25: "And God said, 'Let the earth bring forth living creatures according to their kinds: livestock and creeping things and beasts of the earth according to their kinds.' And it was so. And God made the beasts of the earth according to their kinds and the livestock according to their kinds, and everything that creeps on the ground according to its kind. And God saw that it was good." This passage highlights the fixed categories of life, supporting the idea that microevolution occurs within "kinds" without transforming one species into another.

FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT

• Hebrews 11:3: "By faith we understand that the universe was created by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things that are visible." This verse affirms that God’s creation was intentional and distinct, supporting the idea of fully created species, rather than a gradual transformation from one form of life to another.

IMPLICATIONS FOR TODAY

Microevolution—observable in nature and supported by scientific evidence—aligns with the biblical account of God creating life to adapt and multiply within established kinds. This concept helps Christians understand how species can adapt to their environments without contradicting Scripture. Macroevolution, however, remains theoretical and unsupported by observable evidence. It also stands in contrast to the biblical account of creation. As Christians, we can confidently accept microevolution as part of God’s design, while maintaining that the origin and diversity of life point to God’s intentional creation.

UNDERSTAND

• Microevolution refers to small changes within a species over short time frames, while macroevolution involves significant changes that create new species over long periods.
• Microevolution is supported by observable scientific data; whereas, macroevolution lacks direct empirical evidence and remains largely theoretical.
• Microevolution is compatible with Scripture, while macroevolution is not.

REFLECT

• How do you view the relationship between scientific discoveries, like microevolution, and your understanding of God’s creation?
• In what ways does understanding microevolution as part of God’s design shape your perspective on adaptation and change in nature?
• What is your reaction to science, and how can you find confidence in God’s Word as well as in what science reveals?

ENGAGE

• Macroevolution is not proven because it lacks direct observational evidence; changes from one species to another occur over vast timescales that are not easily tested or observed in real-time. Additionally, many claims of macroevolution are based on interpretations of fossil records and genetic similarities, rather than definitive, empirical data.
• How can understanding the differences between microevolution and macroevolution enhance our conversations with others who hold differing views on evolution and creation?
• In what ways can Christians engage with the broader scientific community while maintaining their beliefs about God's intentional design and the limits of macroevolution?